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1.' WELLS. 'Paper Bag Machine.

Patented Sept. 15, 1863.

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1. WELLS.

Paper Bag Machine. No. 40,001. Famed' sept. 15, 1863.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. WELLS.

Paper Bag Machine.

Patented Sept. 15, 1863.

UNITED STATES JOSEPH IELLS, OF-HOBOKEN, N. J.,

PATENT OEEicE.

AS SIGNOR TO ORLANDO A. VILOOX.

MACHINE FOR MAKING PAPER BAGS.

Specification forming part of vLetters Patent No. 40,001, datedSeptember 15, 1863; antedated Maren i9, 1863.

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH WELLS, of Hoboken, inthe county of Hudson andSta-te of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Machine for theManufacture of Paper Bags for the Use of Grocers and Others; and I dohereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the construction and operation of the same, reference being had tothe annexed drawings,makin`g a part of this specification, in which-Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation; Fig. 2, a top view; Fig. 3, anenlarged View of lapfolder; Fig. 4, an enlarged section of binder; Fig.5, adetaehed view of sliding table I Fig. 6, adetached view of paster;Figs. 7 and 8, end views; Fig. 9,adetached view offolding form; Fig. 12,paper form cut ready for the machine; Fig. 11, same as folded.byba-g-folder; Fig. 10, same, with laps turned up by roller T, andstrips X X. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the machine.

F' F' F' F', is the frame of machine A, and D D D, cranks; F F F,levers; E E E and G G G, connecting-rods; B, feeding-table; I' I', xedpins; I and H H, sliding tables; S S, levers; O, inclined plane; O,binder; r r, slides; t t, springs; J J, bag-folder; MA and N, levers; LL L, fingers; Q Q, fixed pins; K K, folding forms; H' H', slots; P P,braces; L' L', raisingsurfaces; X X, elevated strips; Y and p, levers;ZZ Z, fingers; a, arm U, stop; 1/ y, angles; V V, thin-edged wheels; WW, lap-folder; Q, stop; i i i, lifters; It' and m, levers; l,connecting-rod; n, semi-circle D', apron; C'. drier; KK' K' and E' E',rollers; A'and N', pulleys; B', belt; X', paster; c, piston; h,nut; o,ratchet vT', hand; b, lever; d, screw; ff, feeders; G', plug; J',feedingpoint; R' R', laps; O', feeding end; P', bottom of bag; R R,nuts; jj, bearers.

I construct my machine substantially as follows: I provide a frame ofsuitable size and form to contain and support the machinery. There arefixed on the top of this frame slides, supporting two sliding tables, Iand H H-one of which, HH, moves back and forth horizontally-the outerends ofthe slides lsupporting 'the table I being raised above the lineof the slides supporting the table H H, forming an incline plane. Thetable I, traversing this incline plane, has its under side cut outparallel with a line drawn from thetop of the table H H, thus reducingthe lower end of the table to a thin edge, which at full inward strokejust clears the top of the table H H. A simultaneous reciproeatin gmotion is communicated to these tables by levers F F F andconnecting-rods E E E and G G G, connecting them with three cranks, D DD, attached to a driving-shaft. Two of these cranks are placed near theend of the shaft, the third one in the middle and exactly opposite theother two. The table I is'provided with two levers,S S,runnin glengthwise with it, with their lower ends furnished withV a hook andtheir upper ends bent in an angle. There are also attached to the lowerend of the table by ajoint the two arms of the bag-folder J J. The otherends of the arms are connected by a cross-piece and at right angles withthem, and ata distance from the end of the table nearly equal toone-half of the length of the paper form. This folder is -supplied witha shaft extending across it, having fingers L L L attached, held rmly onthe cross-piece by a spring. This shaft is also furnished with twolevers, M and Ni, for raising the fingers. On the outside of and nearthe middle of the bag-folder are Iixed two pins, Q Q, one in each arm.For turning the bagfolder I use what I terni "folding forms77 K K. Ofthese there are placed one on each side of the machine. They are formedby two curved slotsA intersecting each other at a height equal to thedistanceof the pins Q Q from the slides 'supporting the table I when the'bag-folder is turned up at a right angle with the table. These curvedslots begin at a height from the slides that will allow the fixed pins QQ to enter them on their inward stroke, and ending at a sufficientheight to v bring the folder nearly down onto the table.

For holding the paper form on the table I while it is being folded I usea binder, O, of

suitable width, with its lower'edge made quite thin. It extends acrossthe table and terminates in arms at right angles with it, and issupported by these. arms passing through slides r i", which form a partof the binder. These slides r i traverse slots H' H', made in the slidessupporting the table I. There are also springs t t attached to the underside of these slides, connected with Vthe ends of the binder armsholding the binder down when not toi-ced up. When in its position on thetable, the lower edge of the binder and table correspond to each other.There is also a. feeding-table, B, resting on the frame ofthe machine insuch a manner that the table I in its outward stroke passes under it. Onthe under sides of this table are two iiXed pins, I' l. Theie is alsoplaced on the feedingtable a short incline plane, O, for working thelever M. For raising the binder over the end ot' the feeding-point J', Iuse two braces, P P, with a pin passing through the lower end ot each,permitting their upper ends :to vibrate. These braces are set on anangle, and are so placed in the frame of themachine that the nuts R Iton the end ofthe binder will wine in contact with them on their outwardstroke.

lfor relieving the paper form from the binder (l there are fixed tworaising-surfaces, L' L',

at an angle with the slides supporting the table l and at their lowerends.

For closing the hooks 0i' the levers S S t0l the slides r r angles y yare placed on the bea-rings of the roller T. There are placed on thetable H H, and ruiming parallel with it, two elevated strips, X X, witha distance between them equal to the required width of the bag. Betweenthese strips there works back and forth with them and on the table II Ha roller, T, the length of which is equal to the width ofthe bag, lesstwo or three thicknesses of the paper forms beingused, the object ofthis roller being to keep the paper form down smoothly on the table, andwith the elevated strips to break the angle and to turn up the laps It'It'. ers W W, l form generally of sheet-metal of a thickness to make itsufliciently iirm and ot' a width slightly eXceedingtthe width of thelap to be. folded, and of suitable length. This I twist one-half around,(or less,) makingthe required form. Of these lapfolders I place one onthe inside of each of the elevated strips, with their outer ends justclearing the surface ofthe table and just back ofthe roller T. Theselap-folders are fastened by connections-to the frame of the machine.vTo` sideof thebag. These wheels are xed each on the end ot' its ownshaft, the tops of which are thrown out of a vertical line transverselywith the machine, thereby clearing the bag as it passes under it. Thesupports of these wheels are connected with the frame of the machine.The table H H near its outer end has a shaft furnished with fingers Z ZZ, and two levers, Y and p, for raising the fingers. For working thelever Y there is xed a stop, U, on one of the bearings of the roller T.For working the lever p there is fixed a stop, q, on the outer end ofthe machine, This shaft is also furnished with a spring, which Thelap-fold-v holds the fingers firmly down on the table when not actedupon by the levers.

To hold the bag while the table H H is passing from under it I use ashaft extending across the end of the machine, provided with litters t't' z', which drop just below the surface of the table. These fingers arelifted against bearersjj, by means of connecting-rod l and levers 7c andm, the lower end of the lever m workingagainsta semi-circle, n, formedby cutting away a portion of the driving-shaft outside ofthe frame. Fordrying the bags I use a hollow metallic cylinder, G', heatedby gas,steam, or otherwise.

For carrying the bags around the drier I- use an endless apron, D', ofcloth or other flexi4 ble material, which is placed and held in itsposition, to receive the bags as they fall from theiingers i i i, byrollers.k There is also another endless apron working on rollers whichpresses thev bags against the drier as they pass around it and by it arecarried out of the machine. The drier, aprons, and rollers are putinmotion by pulleys A and N', and a belt, B', connecting them to thedriving-shaft'.

I construct. my paster X' of ahollow metallic cylinder, g, with aclose-fitting piston, e, which is forced against the body of pastecontained in the cylinder bya screw, b, furnished with a nut, h, whichis provided with two collars to prevent its working to or from thecylinder. Attached to this nut is also a ratchet, o. There is also avibrating lever, ,furnished with a hand,T', which works in the ratchet.For communicating a vibrating motion to the lever b,a projecting arm, a,is fixed in one of the levers driving the table H H. The paster is alsoprovided with two i'eeders,ff, or pipes, through which the paste flowsonto the bag. The endof one of each of these feeders is placed adistance inside of the elevated strips XXe-qual to one-half of the widthof the baglap. and between the roller T and the wheels V V, near thesurface of the table. The paster is also provided with a screw-plug, G',which is removed when the cylinder is to be lled. If, now, the cylinderof the paster be filled and the tables be placed at full inward strokeand a paper form be placed on the feeding-table with-its end o' fed downto the point J', andthe machinery put in motion by turning the crank-Ain thedirection indicated by the arrow, the tables will begin theiroutward stroke. The table I is drawn back from the binder,whicl1, whenclear from the table is caught by the hooks ofthe levers S S, and drawnback'nearly to the feeding-point, when the angles of the levers comingin contact with the fixedpins I' I', they are detached from the binder.The pins Q Q of the folder J J, which have been traversing the slots ofthe folding forms K K since the table I commenced its outward stroke,have now turned the folder back .onto the slides supportingthetable. Thecross-bar connecting the two arms ofthe folder now comingin contact withthe binder draws it back, when the nuts RR come in contact with thebraces P P, drawing them back, they raising at the same time the binderover the feedingpoint, when the outward strokeis complete. The lever Mhas just passed overthe incline plane O, the fingers L L L grasped thepaper form, when the table I begins its inward stroke, the fingersdrawaing the paper form from the feeding-table,\vhen onehalf of thelength of which has passed under the binder the table I comes in contactwith the binder, carrying it along with it. The binder now being removedfrom the braces P P, the spring t t bring it down firmly on the paperform. The instant the binder begins to move forward, the pins Q Q enterthe slots of the folding forms, which they traverse, and the folder isturned back nearly onto the table. Just as the inward stroke is beingcompleted, the ends of the levers S S strike against the angles y y,closing the hooks onto the binder. The nuts R R having passed onto theraisingsurfaces L L', the binder is slightly raised, relieving the paperform from its pressure. Simultaneous with the movement of the levers SS' and the binder, the lever N coming in contact with the upper end ofthe table I, releases the end 0 of the paper form from the fingers L LL. The inward stroke is now completed, with the paper form folded asseen in Fig. l1, and the bottom of the bag P grasped by the fingers Z ZZ, these fingers having been raised by the lever Y, and the stop U (overwhich it passes.) The tables now begin their outward stroke again, thepaper form moving with the table H H, passing under the roller T, whichturns up the laps R R', as seen in Fig. l0, as it rolls between theelevated strips X X. The hand T of the paster which slips over therachet on the inward stroke of the lever b, which now moving in anopposite direction, the hand takes hold of the ratchet, turning the nuth, thereby forcing in the piston. The pasteis forced through thefeed-pipes, onto the bag just before it passes into the lapfolder. Thelaps are now caught and turned onto the bag by the lap-folders W W asthey pass under them, during which operation the thin edges of thewheels V V are rolling in the angle of the laps, holding them firmlyagainst the elevated strips, and on the table. The bag, having now beenpasted and folded,

is released from the fingers Z Z Z by the lever p striking against thestop q, and, as the table is completing its outward stroke, the liftersi i z', onto which the end of the bag has passed, are raised up againstthe bearers jj, carrying the end of the bag with them by the action ofthe semi-circle n, on the levers m and k, and the connecting-rod Z,where it is held until the table is drawn from under it on its inwardstroke. Vhen the semi-circle ceases its action, the lifters drop, andthe bag falls on the apron D and is carried around the drier, againstwhich it is pressed by the rollers K K K, and finally passes out of themachine between the rollers E E.

WhatI claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is`

1. The combination of two sliding` tables, I and H H, for the purposesubstantially as set forth.

2. The bag folderJJ, by which the bag itself is folded (permitting thebag to be drawn from it, although the folder should remain closed on thetable l) separately, and in combination with the table I and the binderC, substantially as set forth.

3. The binder C, for holding one half of the paper form on the table Iwhile the other half is being folded over it, separatelyand incombina-tion with the'table I, and the slides supporting said table,substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of theroller T with the sliding table H H and theelevated strips X X, for the purpose as substantially set forth.

5. The combination of the lap-folders W W with th'e thin-edged wheels VV and the roller T, substantially as set forth..

l 6. The combination of the lap-folders W W with tables H H, elevatedstrips X X, and the roller T, substantially as set forth.

7. The use of the braces P P, for the purpose substantially as setforth.

8. The taking of the paper forms from the feedingtable by the bag-folderJ J, substantially as set forth.

9. The application of the paste by pressure, as substantially set forth.

JOSEPH WELLS.

Witnesses:

ORLANDO A. WILcoX, DoRcAs Wnsr.

